How does Cicero denote "duty" in his works?

Cicero uses the term "officium" to denote "duty" in his works. This word is integral to his discussions on ethics, morality, and the responsibilities individuals have towards society, family, and themselves. "Officium" encapsulates not only the sense of obligation but also the ethical dimensions of performing one’s roles in accordance with virtue and the common good.

In Cicero's philosophical writings, such as "De Officiis," he elaborates on how fulfilling one's duty is essential for a virtuous life. The concept underscores the importance of duty in both private and public spheres. Understanding "officium" in this context helps grasp Cicero's views on the relationship between personal integrity and social responsibility.

Other terms presented, such as "patria" (homeland), "libertas" (freedom), and "sapientia" (wisdom), while significant in Cicero’s thought, do not convey the specific nuance of "duty." They refer to broader themes of national identity, the value of freedom, and the pursuit of wisdom, respectively, but they do not encapsulate the ethical obligations Cicero frequently discusses when addressing one's duties in life.